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LGBT rights in Spain
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender (LGBT) rights in Spain have undergone several significant changes in recent years. Among ancient Romans in Spain, sexual interaction between men was viewed as commonplace and marriages between men occurred during the early Roman Empire, but a law against same-sex marriages was promulgated by Christian emperors Constantius II and Constans, and Roman moral norms underwent significant changes leading up to the 4th century. The influence of Christianity eventually characterized sexuality as an act whose only goal was procreation, with homosexuality being viewed as one of many sexual activities that were sinful and against God’s will. Laws against sodomy were later established during the legislative period. However, attitudes towards individual liberties changed again during the Age of Enlightenment which resulted in laws against sodomy being repealed from the Spanish code in 1822. Laws changed again along with societal attitudes towards homosexuality during the Spanish Civil War and Francisco Franco’s regime.
Throughout the late-20th century, the rights of the LGBT community received more awareness and same-sex sexual activity became legal once again in 1979 with an equal age of consent to heterosexual intercourse. Today, Spain has been recognized for providing one of the highest degrees of liberty in the world to its LGBT citizens. After recognizing unregistered cohabitation between same-sex couples countrywide and registered partnerships in certain cities since 1994 and 1997, Spain legalised both same-sex marriage and adoption rights for same-sex couples in 2005. Transsexuals are allowed to change their legal gender without the need of sex reassignment surgery or sterilization. Discrimination regarding sexual orientation and gender identity and expression has been banned nationwide since 1996. Gays and lesbians are allowed to openly serve in the military and MSMs have been allowed to donate blood since 2005.
Spain has been recognized as one of the most socially liberal and LGBT-friendly countries in the world and LGBT culture has had a significant role in Spanish literature, music, cinema and other forms of entertainment as well as social issues and politics. Public opinion on homosexuality is noted by pollsters as being overwhelmingly positive, with a recent study conducted by Pew Research Center in 2013 indicating that more than 88 percent of Spanish citizens accept homosexuality, making it the most LGBT-friendly of the countries Pew polled. LGBT visibility has also increased in several layers of society such as the Guardia Civil, army, judicial, and clergy. However, in other areas such as sports, the LGBT community remains marginalized. Spanish film directors such as Pedro Almodóvar have increased awareness regarding LGBT tolerance in Spain among international audiences. In 2007, Madrid hosted the annual Europride celebration. The city of Barcelona also has a reputation as one of the most LGBT-friendly cities in the world along.〔http://www.ucityguides.com/cities/top-10-gay-cities-and-gayest-destinations.html〕
==Law regarding same-sex sexual activity==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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